Evaluation of the Dix Scaling Factor During Geomagnetically Disturbed Periods Over South America
Abstract
In this work, we present a study of the Total Electronic Content (TEC) spatiotemporal variability during geomagnetically disturbed periods over South America. For this, we evaluated the Disturbance Ionosphere indeX (DIX) scaling factor (β coefficient) for different magnetic dip angles and seasons. In this context, the β values are given in TEC units (TECU) and correspond to a latitudinal-dependent factor used to normalize the DIX output into a scale from 0 to 5. Thus, we selected thirteen magnetic storm events between 2013 and 2017, subdivided into seven moderate, four intense, and two extreme magnetic storms. The results showed that the β coefficient latitudinal variation is characterized by two asymmetric crests concerning the magnetic equator. This suggests the presence of transequatorial thermospheric wind's effects on the ionosphere's plasma distribution. Additionally, we have observed that the crests occur close to the magnetic equator during the winter and autumn and at higher latitudes during summer and spring. Additionally, we have noticed a drastic decrease in the daily highest β-values before the Storm Sudden Commencement (SSC) stage of the studied events and during the magnetic storm recovery phase. This behavior highlights the expected scenario of quiet conditions with no TEC disturbance.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22564/brjg.v40i4.2191
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