Estimating and Analyzing The Stability of Brazilian GNSS Stations for Tectonic Studies

Yellinson de Moura Almeida, Giuliano Sant’Anna Marotta, João Francisco Galera Monico, Gabriela de Oliveira Nascimento Brassarote, George Sand Leão A. França

Abstract


The detailed study of stresses and strains is fundamental for geophysical and geodetic studies, enabling the development of plate motion models, geodynamic processes and several proposals. GNSS positioning has been used to estimate these stresses and strains. However, for the accuracy required, it is necessary a rigorous assessment of the behavior of GNSS stations and their position time series. This paper aims to analyze the influence of the different types of geodetic monuments present in the Brazilian GNSS Continuous Monitoring Network by estimating and characterizing noise in the time series and investigating variables that can affect the stability of the stations to establish criteria for using this data in tectonic and geodynamic studies. The evaluation of 119 GNSS stations throughout Brazil indicates the significant presence of random walk noise in some of these stations, detected by analyzing the magnitude of the noise and the spectral index. It was found that the stations with unstable monuments have been observed for at least eight years and are mostly in coastal areas or under the influence of large watercourses.

Keywords


time series analysis; geodetic monuments; noise characterization; geodynamic processes

Full Text:

PDF

References


Agnew, D., 1992. The time domain behavior of power law noises, Geophysical Research Letters, 19, 333–336.

Agurto-Detzel, H., Assumpção, M., Ciardelli, C., Albuquerque, D.F., Barros, L.V., Franca, G.S.L., 2014. The 2012-2013 Montes Claros earthquake series in the São Francisco Craton, Brazil: new evidence for non-uniform intraplate stresses in mid-plate South America. Geophysical Journal International. 200 (1), 216–226. https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggu333.

Amagua, C.G.P., Krueger, C.P., Criollo, A.R.T., 2018. Stochastic Model of the Brazilian GPS Network Coordinates Time Series. Bulletin of Geodetic Sciences, 24 (4): 545-563.

Assumpção, M., Schimmel, M., Escalante, C., Barbosa, J.R., Rocha, M., Barros, L.V., 2004. Intraplate seismicity in SE Brazil: stress concentration in lithospheric thin spots. Geophysical Journal International. 159, 390–399. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2004.02357.x.

Assumpção, M., Dias, F.L., Zevallos, I., Naliboff, J.B., 2016. Intraplate stress field in South America from earthquake focal mechanisms. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, v71, p278-295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2016.07.005.

Barros, L.V., Assumpção, M., Quinteros, R., Caixeta, D., 2009. The intraplate Porto dos Gaúchos seismic zone in the Amazon craton, Brazil. Tectonophysics 469 (1,4), 37-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2009.01.006.

Blewitt, G. and D. Lavallée, 2002. Effect of annual signals on geodetic velocity. Journal of Geophysical Research, 107(B7), 21-45. https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JB000570.

Blewitt, G., W. C. Hammond, and C. Kreemer, 2018. Harnessing the GPS data explosion for interdisciplinary science, Eos, 99. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018EO104623.

Bock, Y., Wdowinski, S., Fang, P., Zhang, J., Williams, S., Johnson, H., Behr, J., Genrich, J., Dean, J., van Domselaar, M., Agnew, D., Wyatt, F., Stark, K., Oral, B., Hudnut, B., King, R., Herring, T., Dinardo, S., Young, W., Jackson, D., Gurtner, W., 1997. Southern California Permanent GPS Geodetic Array: Continuous measurements of the regional crustal deformation between the 1992 Landers and 1994 Northridge earthquakes. Journal of Geophysical Research, 102, 18,013– 18,033.

Calais, E., J. Y. Han, C. DeMets, J. M. Nocquet, 2006. Deformation of the North American plate interior from a decade of continuous GPS measurements, Journal of Geophysical Research. 111, B06402, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JB004253.

Cenni, N., Mantovania, E., Baldib, P., Vitia, M., 2012. Present kinematics of Central and Northern Italy from continuous GPS measurements. Journal of Geodynamics, 58, 62–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jog.2012.02.004.

Chimpliganond, C.N., Assumpção, M., von Huelsen, M.G., França, G.S., 2010. The intracratonic Caraíbas-Itacarambi earthquake of December 09, 2007 (4.9 mb), Minas Gerais state, Brazil. Tectonophysics 480, 48-56.

Dmitrieva, K., Segall, P. Bradley, A.M., 2016. Effects of linear trends on estimation of noise in GNSS position time-series. Geophysical Journal International, 208, 281-288. https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggw391

Dong, D., P. Fang, Y. Bock, M. K. Cheng, S. Miyazaki, 2002. Anatomy of apparent seasonal variations from GPS-derived site position time series, Journal of Geophysical Research. 107(B4), 2075. https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JB000573.

Farolfi, G., Ventisette, C., 2015. Contemporary crustal velocity field in Alpine Mediterranean area of Italy from new geodetic data. GPS Solutions. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-015-0481-1.

Ferreira, L., Marotta, G.S., Madden, E.H., 2022. Hydrological influence on the variation of the terrestrial gravity field in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. Journal of Applied Geophysics, V. 206. 104780. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2022.104780.

Ferreira, V.G., Ndehedehe, C.E., Montecino, H.C., Yong, B., Yuan, P., Abdalla, A., Mohammed, A.S., 2019. Prospects for Imaging Terrestrial Water Storage in South America Using Daily GPS Observations. Remote Sensing. 11, 679. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11060679

Galloway, D.; Jones, D.R., 1999. Land Subsidence in the United States; Technical Report Circular 1182; U.S. Geological Survey: Reston, VA, USA.

Kedar, S., Hajj, G.A., Wilson, B.D., Heflin, M.B., 2003. The effect of the second order GPS ionospheric correction on receiver positions, Geophysical Research Letters, 30(16), 1829. https://doi.org/10.1029/2003GL017639.

Kierulf, H.P., Steffen, H., Barletta, V.R., Lidberg, M., Johansson, J., Kristiansen, O., Tarasov, L., 2021. A GNSS velocity field for geophysical applications in Fennoscandia, Journal of Geodynamics, v146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jog.2021.101845.

Klos, A., Olivares, G., Teferle, F.N., Hunegnaw, A., Bogusz, J., 2018. On the combined effect of periodic signals and colored noise on velocity uncertainties, GPS Solutions. 22, 1. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-017-0674-x

Langbein, J., 2004. Noise in two-color electronic distance meter measurements revisited. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth. https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JB002819.

Lima, C.C., 2000. Ongoing compression across intraplate South America: observations and some implications for petroleum exploitation and exploration. Revista Brasileira de Geociências, 30 (1), 203-207.

Mandelbrot, B., 1983. The Fractal Geometry of Nature, W. H. Freeman, New York.

Mao, A., Harrison, C.G.A., Dixon, T.H., 1999. Noise in GPS coordinate time series, Journal of Geophysical Research., 104, 2797– 2816.

Marotta, G.S., França, G.S., Monico, J.F.G., Fuck, R.A., 2013a. Strains arising by seismic events in the SIRGAS-CON network region. J. Geod. Sci. 3 (1), 12e21.

Marotta, G.S., França, G.S.,Monico, J.F.G., Fuck, R.A., Araújo-Filho, J.O.de, 2013b. Strain rate of the South American lithospheric plate by SIRGAS-CON geodetic observations. Journal of South American Earth Sciences. 47, 136–141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2013.07.004.

Marotta, G.S., França, G.S., Monico, J.F.G., Bezerra, F.H.R., Fuck, R.A., 2015. Strain rates estimated by geodetic observations in the Borborema Province, Brazil. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 58, pp. 1-8

Nikolaidis, R., 2002. Observation of geodetic and seismic deformation with the Global Positioning System. Ph.D. thesis, University of California, San Diego, 305p.

Norabuena, E., Leffler-Griffin, L., Mao, A., Dixon, T., Stein, S., Sacks, I.S., Ocola, L., Ellis, M., 1998. Space geodetic observations of Nazca-South America convergence across the Central Andes. Science, 229 (358).

Ramos, M.P., Dal Poz, W.R., Carvalho, A.S, 2021. Determinação de Velocidades das Estações da RBMC com Uso do Software SARI. Revista Brasileira de Cartografia, v. 73, n. 2, p. 453–469. DOI: 10.14393/rbcv73n2-55466.

Ramos, M.P., Dal Poz, W.R., Carvallho, A.S., 2022. Propagação de Incertezas no Processo de Compatibilização de Referenciais e Época de Coordenadas GNSS. Revista Brasileira de Cartografia, v.74, n. 2, p. 305–321, 2022. https://doi.org/10.14393/rbcv74n2- 64767.

Rocha, M.P., Azevedo, P.A., Marotta, G.S., Schimmel, M., Fuck, R.A. 2016. Causes of intraplate seismicity in central Brazil from travel time seismic tomography. Tectonophysics, 680, p1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2016.05.005.

Rosner, B., 1983. Percentage Points for a Generalized ESD Many-Outlier Procedure, Technometrics, 25(2), pp. 165-172.

Sánchez, L., Drewes, H., 2020. Geodetic Monitoring of the Variable Surface Deformation in Latin America. In: Freymueller, J.T., Sánchez, L. (eds) Beyond 100: The Next Century in Geodesy. International Association of Geodesy Symposia, vol 152. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/1345_2020_91

Santos, H., Jacomine, P., Anjos, L., Oliveira, V., Lumbreras, J., Coelho, M., Almeida, J., Araujo Filho, J., Oliveira, J., Cunha, T., 2018. Sistema Brasileiro de Classificação de Solos, 5th revised and expanded edition, Brasília, DF : Embrapa, 2018. 356 p.

Williams, S.D.P., 2008. CATS: GPS coordinate time series analysis software. GPS Solutions, 2, pp. 147–153. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-007-0086-4.

Williams, S.D.P., Bock, Y., Fang, P., Jamason, P., Nikolaidis, R.M., Prawirodirdjo, L., Miller, M., Johnson, D.J., 2004. Error analysis of continuous GPS position time series, Journal of Geophysical Research. 109, B03412. https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JB002741.

Wyatt, F. K., 1989. Displacements of surface monuments: Vertical motion. Journal of Geophysical Research, 94, 1655–1664.

Yadav R. and VM Tiwari, 2018. Numerical simulation of present-day tectonic stress across the Indian subcontinent. IJES. 107:2449–2462. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-018-1607-9.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22564/brjg.v42i2.2317

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.





 

>> Brazilian Journal of Geophysics - BrJG (online version): ISSN 2764-8044
a partir do v.37n.4 (2019) até o presente

Revista Brasileira de Geofísica - RBGf (online version): ISSN 1809-4511
v.15n.1 (1997) até v.37n.3 (2019)

Revista Brasileira de Geofísica - RBGf (printed version): ISSN 0102-261X
v.1n.1 (1982) até v.33n.1 (2015)

 

Brazilian Journal of Geophysics - BrJG
Sociedade Brasileira de Geofísica - SBGf
Av. Rio Branco 156 sala 2509
Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
Phone/Fax: +55 21 2533-0064
E-mail: editor@sbgf.org.br

Since 2022, the BrJG publishes all content under Creative Commons CC BY license. All copyrights are reserved to authors.

Creative Commons

 

Indexing

DOAJScopus Miguilim

Sponsorship

CNPq