Building a 3D Model in the Time-Domain of the Vertical-Vertical Controlled-Source Electromagnetic Method

Abstract

The exploratory activity involves several uncontrollable factors, such as the presence or absence of oil and the quality of the extracted product. To minimize uncertainties and ambiguities encountered during oil and gas prospecting, controlled-source electromagnetic methods in the marine environment have gained prominence owing to technological and operational innovations. Studies have shown that the Marine Controlled-Source Electromagnetic (MCSEM) method is a suitable and sustainable for directly indicating hydrocarbons. In order to optimize MCSEM further, the source-receiver configuration as well as its reading mode were changed, creating the Vertical-Vertical Controlled-Source Electromagnetic (VVCSEM) method. We tested the source and receiver arrangements, modeled in a multiphysics modeler the VVCSEM method, and analyzed the promise which was developed to have a higher vertical resolution and promoting a clear distinction between conductive and resistive bodies. In this manuscript, we suggested constructing the modeling of the VVCSEM in steps. There are two steps for the modeling: the source’s response (switch-on) in the stationary regime and recording of the electromagnetic field interaction by the receivers in the transient regime.  As reported previously in the benchmark literature, the VVCSEM effectively detected the suggested resistive anomalies.